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Adolf Hitler? (April 20, 1889–April 30, 1945) was the Chancellor of Germany from 1933, and Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Chancellor) of Germany from 1934, to his death. He was leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP), better known as the Nazi Party. Under Hitler's leadership Germany ascended from the depths of post World War I defeat to rebuild its economy and decimated military. At the height of their power during World War II, the armies of Nazi Germany and its Axis Powers dominated much of Europe. The racial policies that Hitler directed culminated in a massive number of deaths, commonly cited as at least 11 million people – including 6 million Jews – in a genocide now known as the Holocaust. Ultimately, Germany was defeated by the Allied powers in 1945 and during the final days of the war Hitler committed suicide in his underground bunker in Berlin. The Third Reich, which he had said would last a thousand years, collapsed shortly thereafter.